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Location prepostions

They are words you use to describe where something is, e.g. "the ball is under the table".
Here's a list of location prepositions used in Japanese:

Kanji - Hiragana - Romaji - Meaning
上 - うえ - ue - above/on
下 - した - shita - below/under
左 - ひだり - hidari - on the left
右 - みぎ - migi - on the right
中 - なか - naka - inside
外 - そと - soto - outside
間 - あいだ - aida - in between
後 - うしろ - ushiro - behind
隣 - となり - tonari - next to

In order to connect those prepositions with other words a particle needs to be used. For example if you want to say "inside the building" you'd use the particle の (no), which signifes to whom sometimes belongs. So actually it's as if saying that "the inside belongs to the building".
Example:
建物の中 - たてもののなか - tatemono no naka - inside the building

If, however, you'd want to say that someone or something is inside a building, a second particle must be used, and that particle is に (ni) which describes the place.
Example:
奏は家の外にいる。- かなではいえのそとでいる。- Kanade wa ie no soto de iru. - Kanade is outside the house.
本はテーブルの上にある。- ほんはテーブルのうえにある。- Hon wa teeburu no ue ni aru. - The book is on the table.

You can practice using those prepositions by describing where things are in your room. For that I'll provide a couple of useful words.
床 - ゆか - yuka - floor
壁 - かべ - kabe - wall
テーブル - teeburu - table
椅子 - いす - isu - chair
ランプ - ranpu - lamp
ワードローブ - waadoroobu - wardrobe
本棚 - ほんだな - hondana - bookshelf
引き出し - ひきだし - hikidashi - drawer
ナイトテーブル - naitoteeburu - night table
ベッド - beddo - bed
枕 - まくら - makura - pillow
花瓶 - かびん - kabin - flower vase
カーペット - kaapetto - carpet
時計 - とけい - tokei - clock
電話 - でんわ - denwa - phone

I hope this was useful!