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Can you give us anything from history to techniques to terminology of tae kwon do ...

My brother-in-law and sister practice TKD of the ITF school of thought. They'd flinch pretty hard at it being called a "sport" but as for me, I like watching the competitions. Never had much interest in the art myself beyond how to counteract it though.

Well there is grappling and then there is GRAPPLING ... what I meant was like a very high level, top of the food chain typ of deal against TKD...

I'm not asking who would win ... a striker going to a pure grappling setting will no doubt lose ... what I am asking is how would a high level TKD black belt counteract a high level grappler ... like if taken down how the TKD fighter get back to his feet and stay there ...

It has been my experience that a TKD black belt, while tending towards striking still has a very potent ground game. Those legs of theirs are incredibly powerful and flexible (my brother-in-law goes through cinder blocks like they were made of styrofoam) and if the TKD person can put you in their guard they have some innovative variants on standard grapples. I believe the most painful one I experienced was a simple midriff lock. The person I had pinned down simply figure-4-ed his legs around me and proceeded to squeeze until I couldn't breath anymore. Not to mention, many schools of TKD these days also teach BJJ or Judo variants to cover what many see as a weakness of the art. For myself, I will never dismiss the ground game of a TKD player again. Against a pure grappler, their options may be limited, but don't count them out just because they don't focus on it. It is a poor misconception to think that TKD is all strikes and flash. And their ground and pound... I shudder to think. Ask any wrestler, powerful legs are the basis of a good takedown game.

Again not what I'm asking ... Grapplers have a clear cut disadvantage when it comes to striking ... that's a given ... what I asked is how a TKD fighter would counter-act ... a grappler ...

For example:
You (the TKD fighter) have been taken down and the grappler is in side control ... you have one arm pinned by their legs ... the other arm is held by the grappler's hand ... and the grappler's free hand is raining down blows ... how do you get out of that position ... and then from there get back into a neutral position (like full guard) or to your feet (where you have the clear cut advantage in striking) ...

If I am being pinned by one of their legs, then that means that my legs have leverage. I would rotate the hips as best as I can, get the leg closest to his knee free and scissor my legs into breaking his knee. He can punch me all he wants and the idea that he would get me in that position is absurd. If one attempts to do it, all I would have to do is push the arms out of the way and uppercut the jaw with force.